To investigate the General Budget Bill of the Country for the Year 2025 (Part 17): Note 11 – Disasters and Crises

Abstract
Natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, storms, land subsidence, and others consistently result in significant human casualties and financial losses. They can cause extensive damage to infrastructure and urban facilities, destruction of assets and national capital, and disruption of urban foundational systems. A crucial point In macro policy-making is the priority and cost-effectiveness of disaster prevention over post-event measures. Various studies estimate that the cost of emergency response and especially reconstruction is between 7 to 9 times higher than that of prevention. In other words, for every unit of expenditure on prevention, at least seven units of reconstruction and damage compensation costs are saved. This cost saving directly impacts the reduction of budget expenditures and enhances the government’s ability to allocate resources to other essential sectors. It also leads to increased public satisfaction and social capital. One of the strengths of the 2025 national budget bill is addressing disasters and crises under a single article (chapter). Considering that disasters account for at least 5% of the country’s budget damages and that the costs of prevention are several times lower than reconstruction expenses, this structural change can lead to reduced financial and human losses, as well as budgetary savings. Simply put, by spending a smaller amount on reducing vulnerability and enhancing resilience against disasters, compared to the average budget allocated for disaster reconstruction, it is possible to achieve budget savings, reduce casualties and damages, and increase public satisfaction. However, the clauses presented under this article cover only a limited portion of the overall priorities and measures for disaster risk reduction and need to be further completed.
Subjects

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